The signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome or hypercortisolism may vary from one individual to another. Cushing syndrome symptoms are based on the abundance of cortisol in the body; this may be due to the use of glucocorticosteroid medications or adrenal stimulation. The appearance of symptoms will be determined by the amount of cortisol produced and the individual response.
Rapid weight gain and obesity is a classic sign of Cushing syndrome. This weight gain will not be due to lifestyle changes and will be disproportionate, with increased fat in the abdomen, back and neck. The “buffalo hump,” or increase fat between the shoulder blades, is another indicator. The classic rounded moon shaped face is another sign on increase in fatty tissue. While the increase in mass is noticeable overall, in some areas the extremities will become thinner.
Severe fatigue and weakness are non-specific signs. The increased cortisol interferes with vitamin and protein processes and may result in fatigue and muscle weakness. This can be profound enough to interfere with simple tasks. These symptoms are not eased by rest. The bones are weakened, and routine activities such as bending or lifting may lead to backaches and fractures. Unexplained osteoporosis can be seen on radiograph.
Cushing syndrome causes multiple skin abnormalities. Reddish-purple stretch marks, striae, appear on the abdomen, buttock, thighs and breasts and arms. The individual will have decreased skin and capillary integrity and will bruise with the slightest cause. Frequently the face will redden and acne is common.
Due to hormonal changes women may have more hair on their face, neck, chest, abdomen, and thighs. Their menstrual cycles may become irregular or stop completely. Men may have lower sex drives, experience erectile dysfunction and impotence. Though uncommon in children, children with Cushing syndrome will grow heavier and more slowly than their peers.
Cushing syndrome can have significant effects on an individual’s mental health. Depression, anxiety, and irritability are not uncommon. Changes in body image, physical pain, and sexual and skin issues only enhance the patients stress and can actually worsen the patient’s condition. Elevations in serum glucose and blood pressure can also be seen not only due to increase cortisol levels but as a consequence of emotional distress.
Regardless of the cause of Cushing syndrome, many of these classic symptoms can aid in diagnosis.
Source:
Recent Comments